Indian National Movement | Indian Struggle for Freedom

     Indian National Movement 
     

Indian National Movement in Hindi known as भारतीय राष्ट्रीय आंदोलन which comes under History of Modern India.

Indian National Movement

11. Swaraj Party
Swaraj Party was founded by Motilal Nehru and CR Das on 1 January 1923 after Non-cooperation Movement stopped by Mahatma Gandhi due to Chauri Chaura Incident.

12. Kakori Conspiracy
On 9 August 1925 ten member of Hindustan Republican Association robbed a train between kakori and near Lucknow against the British

• In 1926 Lord Irwin became The Viceroy of India.

13. Simon Commission
Simon Commission consists of seven Members which was formed on 1927 to study constitutional reform in India. Indian people and Ministers opposed Simon Commission because all the members of this Commission were British. On 3rd February 1928 Simon Commission visited India.
Indian people opposed this commission with Black flag march in which Lala Lajpat rai Injured Badly during Lathicharge.

• On 17 December 1928 Rajguru and Bhagat Singh shot British Official to take revenge of Lala Lajpat Rai death.

• On 8 April 1929 Bhagat singh and Batukeshwar Dutt involved in Central Assembly Blast.

• On 23 March 1931 Bhagat singh, Sukhdev and Rajguru were hanged.

14. Bardoli Satyagraha
Bardoli Satyagraha led by Ballabhbhai Patel to support farmers of Bardoli in Gujrat against tax rise by British government.

15.Nehru Report
On August 1928 Jawahar Lal Nehru presented format of Constitution which was drafted by his Eight members of Committee but it was rejected by British.

• On 31 December 1929 Jawahar Lal Nehru hoisted the tricolour flag of Indian National Congress near Ravi River at Lahore declaring Purna Swaraj Resolution and asked Indians to celebrate 26 January 1930 as Independence day.

16. Civil Disobedience Movement | Salt March (Namak Satyagraha)
On 12 March 1930 Gandhi declared Civil Disobedience Movement and started Salt March from Shabarmati Ashram.
On 5th April 1930 Gandhi and his follower reached Dandhi and on 6 April 1930 Gandhi break Salt Law with making salt.
In Tamil Nadu C. Rajagopalachari support Civil Disobedience Movement with salt march from Tiruchirappali to Vedaranyam.
On 14 April Jawaharlal Nehru and on 4 May 1930 Gandhi were arrested.

17. Red Shirt Movement
Khan Abdual Ghaffar khan also known as Badshah Khan or Frontier Gandhi founded Khudai Khidmatgar Party or Red Shirt Movement in the North-West Frontier Province of India in 1930.

• On 12 November 1930 First Round Table conference were held at London to discuss simon commission report and constitutional reform in which many of the Indian Leader did not take part as large number of leader were in jail due to Civil Disobedience Movement.

• On 5 March Gandhi Irwin Pact were agreement between Mahatma Gandhi and Lord Irwin on the condition of Quiting Civil  Disobedience Movement, Release of all Satyagrahi and allow to make salt.

• In 1931 Lord Willingdon became the viceroy of India.

• On 7 September 1931 second Round Table Conference were held in London in which Gandhi represent Indian National Congress and Sarojni Naidu represent Indian Women. Large number of Indians were take part in this Conference.
During conference all minorities along with Dulits were in opposition as they were demanding separate electorate due to this Gandhi disappointed and returned to India.

• On 16 August 1932 Communal Award were declared by British Prime minister Ramsay MacDonald in favour of minority to divide India on the basis of Religion and cast.

• On 24 September 1932 Poona pact were established between B R Ambedkar and Mahatma Gandhi at Poona jail on the condition of abolishment of separate electorate for Dalits.

• On 17 November 1932 Third Round Table Conference were held in London in which Congress refused to take part in conference.

Government of India Act 1935
-Abolish Dyarchy system and establish Federal government.
-Burma was seperated from India in 1937, etc

• In 1936 Lord Linlithgow became the viceroy of India.

• On 22 March 1940, 23 March 1940 and 24 March 1940 Lahore Resolution or Pakistan Resolution held at Lahore in which demand of separate Electorate or demand separate province changed into demand of separate country named as Pakistan.

Second world War (1939-1945)
In 1942 Japan capture Rangoon due to that there were possibility of attack on Indian Eastern border by Japanise.

Cripps Mission
On 30 March 1942 sir Stafford Cripps came India and presented Cripps Mission and want full support From India in World War II, but Cripps want to please all the political party and group at the same time who have different demand leds to rejected by all Indian party.

18. Quit India Movement
Gandhi believed that due to presence of British in India Japanise want to attack India.
On 8 August 1942 at Bombay Session of All India Congress Committee declare Quit India Movement.

19. Azad Hind Fauz
On March 1942, Azad Hind Fauz were formed under leadership of Rash Behari Bose and Mohan Singh.
On July 1943 Sub has Chandra Bose took charge of Azad Hind Fauz and Indian League at Singapore.

• In 1944 Lord Wavell became The Viceroy of India.

The Cabinet Mission Plan
On 24 March 1946 Cabinet Mission comprising of Lord Pethick Lawrence, sir Stafford Cripps and AV Alexander visited India to discuss about transfer of power to Indian Leadership.

• In 1947 Lord Mountbatten became the Viceroy of India.

Mountbatten Plan 
On 3rd June 1947 Lord Mountbatten presented Plan of Partition of India.
- India divided into Two part India and Pakistan.
- 15 August 1947 was the date fixed for handing over power to India and Pakistan.

Indian Independence Act 1947
On July 1947 Indian Independence Act 1947 was passed by the British parliament which was based upon Mountbatten plan.

20. Unification of India
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel also known as Iron Man of India played a key role in unifying and giving shape to India.