Maratha Empire

     History of Maratha

      
Marathi Empire comes under History of Modern India in we study about rise of chhatrapati and Peshwa also fall of Maratha and Peshwa due to Mugal and British rule in India.

Maratha Empire
Maratha rose to prominence under chhatrapati Shivaji in 1674 AD, his father was Shahji Bhonsle and his mother was Jijabai. Ashtpradhan (Council of eight member) lived in his Court. In1680 sambhaji who was the son of shivaji became the king of Maratha Empire and fought 120 battle, in which one major thing was his soldier did not lose any battle.
Due to the bravery of sambhaji delhi mugal emperor Aurangzed wanted to suppress. In1689 after the murder of sambhaji by aurangzeb's Army Rajaram who was the son of shivaji and brother of sambhaji became the king of Maratha empire. Due to the consistant Gorilla war of Maratha soldiers Mugal soldiers losing the battle but in the days of victory Rajaram was died in 1700 AD. Rajaram has three wife's in which Tarabai his widow put her infant son Shivaji II on throne who was only four year old. Sahuji who was the son of sambhaji was in detention of Aurangzeb but due to death of Aurangzeb in 1707 he was released. His release led to Maratha civil war between sahu and Tarabai. In 1708 sahu win the war and became the king of Maratha empire.

Peshwa Empire
Peshwa was the prime minister of Maratha empire who was the chief advisor of Ashtpradhan. Due to incapability of sahuji son Ramraja also known as Rajaram II all power of Maratha empire came in the hand of Peshwa and also changed center of ruling from Satara to Pune. In1713 Balaji Vishwanath founded Peshwa Dynasty as the Peshwa of Maratha Empire. After his death his eleven year old son Baji Rao became the emperor of Maratha Empire in 1720. He was brave and win almost all the battle due to his wonder full skill and techniques which he implemented during war. He married a Muslim women mastani due to his relationship with mastani as wife his last days spent in suppressing opponents. In 1740 eldest son of Bajirao known as Nana Sahib or Balaji Bajirao became the peshwa of Maratha empire. After Nana Sahib, Madhavrao I, Narayanrao, Raghunath, Madhavrao II and Chimaji appa became peshwa of Maratha Empire. Last Peshwa of Maratha Empire was Baji Rao II who signed subsidiary alliance with Lord Wellesley. There are three Anglo-Maratha wars fought between British soldiers and Maratha soldiers. First Anglo-Maratha war begins with Treaty of Surat in 1775 and finish with the Treaty of Salbai in 1782. Second Anglo-Maratha war fought from 1803 to 1806. Third Anglo-Maratha war fought from 1817 to 1818. Nana Sahib II who was the son of Baji Rao II fought Revolt of 1857 against British.